Based on the success I had installing OpenMediaVault to the PATA drive and booting after modifying some ATA modules, I knew that I was getting closer. I saw that there have been problems getting Windows Home Server to boot from the PATA port on the SS4200-E, and I was looking for device.hints that would let NAS4Free (FreeBSD) recognize the PATA port.
This post has the answer, at least for a full install where you can edit the config files.
I was able to install to the CF card using ATA/IDE Compatible mode in the BIOS instead of Enhanced. I was also able to write the embedded NAS4Free image directly to the CF card. You have to gunzip the .img file first because it is compressed. I do this by adding the .gz extension, then using 7zip to extract. The resulting .img file can be written using Win32DiskImager.
After writing the embedded image and changing BIOS back to ATA/IDE Enhanced, I booted. At the first menu, I hit "5" to get to a prompt. There, I entered these five commands:
OK set hint.ata.0.at="isa"
OK set hint.ata.0.port="0x1F0"
OK set hint.ata.0.irq="14"
OK set console="comconsole,vidconsole"
OK boot
This finally worked, and I finished booting NAS4Free from the CF card. I wrote a new message of the day and rebooted to see if it would stick. I added the two SATA disks and formatted them because GRUB had got on by accident at some point.
After the reboot, I interrupted the process to drop to the prompt and typed in the hints again. I booted, and saw the new MOTD. The config stuck!
The post suggested updating /boot/loader.conf and /boot/device.hints. The loader.conf changes really seemed to be to set up the serial console, which was done through the webgui. The hints were the important ones, so I made a new /boot/device.hints file, edited it through the web page, and rebooted. I only added the three ata hints. I rebooted, but it did not work.
I booted again and added the hints manually. I checked the file manager, and the /boot/device.hints file was gone. I saw in this post that the file should actually be /cf/boot/device.hints, but it would disappear after each upgrade.
I added the three hints to the existing device.hints to /cf/boot and rebooted. This is what it looked like before editing:
# $FreeBSD: release/9.1.0/sys/amd64/conf/GENERIC.hints 235926 2012-05-24 19:24:31Z bz $
hint.fdc.0.at="isa"
hint.fdc.0.port="0x3F0"
hint.fdc.0.irq="6"
hint.fdc.0.drq="2"
hint.fd.0.at="fdc0"
hint.fd.0.drive="0"
hint.fd.1.at="fdc0"
hint.fd.1.drive="1"
hint.atkbdc.0.at="isa"
hint.atkbdc.0.port="0x060"
hint.atkbd.0.at="atkbdc"
hint.atkbd.0.irq="1"
hint.psm.0.at="atkbdc"
hint.psm.0.irq="12"
hint.sc.0.at="isa"
hint.sc.0.flags="0x100"
hint.uart.0.at="isa"
hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
hint.uart.0.irq="4"
hint.uart.1.at="isa"
hint.uart.1.port="0x2F8"
hint.uart.1.irq="3"
hint.ppc.0.at="isa"
hint.ppc.0.irq="7"
hint.atrtc.0.at="isa"
hint.atrtc.0.port="0x70"
hint.atrtc.0.irq="8"
hint.attimer.0.at="isa"
hint.attimer.0.port="0x40"
hint.attimer.0.irq="0"
hint.wbwd.0.at="isa"
I added:
hint.ata.0.at="ias"
hint.ata.0.port="0x1F0"
hint.ata.0.irq="14"
SUCCESS!!!!! I can finally close this thing up and start experimenting. After all that, I am leaning toward using OpenMediaVault anyway. I installed it to a VM and added Plex easily. The only downside is that it does not have an embedded version.
Sunday, June 23, 2013
SS4200-E PATA Tests
I established that NAS4Free was not recognizing the PATA port in the SS4200-E using default BIOS settings. I then tried OpenMediaVault (another FreeNAS fork), but ran into the same problem where the CF card in the CF-IDE adapter was not seen, and then the laptop drive was not seen.
I switched ATA/IDE Configuration from "Enahnced" to "Compatible" in the BIOS and tried that. This worked, but only one of the two SATA drives showed up. It seems to only have a primary master and primary slave.
After switching back to "Enhanced," the system would not boot and complained mdamd had beens tarted with two drives.
After looking at this some more, I found the exact solution, at least for OpenMediaVault.
The post describes how to modify the ata settings using an editor. The way to do it is to install while in compatible mode, boot, login as root, then add ata_piix and ide_generic to the /etc/initramfs-tools/modules file. Update the system with 'update-initramfs -u' then reboot and reset the BIOS back to compatible. The update-initramfs comand creates a new /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-5-amd64 file. The command after logging in as root were:
# echo ata_pix >> /etc/initramfs-tools/modules
# echo ide_generic >> /etc/initramfs-tools/modules
# update-initramfs -u
# reboot
I did this, and it worked. Now I am booting off the PATA drive and can see both SATA drives. Something similar to this should work for NAS4Free. I just need to find the equivalent commands and file to update. One option I've seen that may be relevant is to provide device.hints. Or maybe this option to update the boot image will work as well.
I switched ATA/IDE Configuration from "Enahnced" to "Compatible" in the BIOS and tried that. This worked, but only one of the two SATA drives showed up. It seems to only have a primary master and primary slave.
After switching back to "Enhanced," the system would not boot and complained mdamd had beens tarted with two drives.
After looking at this some more, I found the exact solution, at least for OpenMediaVault.
The post describes how to modify the ata settings using an editor. The way to do it is to install while in compatible mode, boot, login as root, then add ata_piix and ide_generic to the /etc/initramfs-tools/modules file. Update the system with 'update-initramfs -u' then reboot and reset the BIOS back to compatible. The update-initramfs comand creates a new /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-5-amd64 file. The command after logging in as root were:
# echo ata_pix >> /etc/initramfs-tools/modules
# echo ide_generic >> /etc/initramfs-tools/modules
# update-initramfs -u
# reboot
I did this, and it worked. Now I am booting off the PATA drive and can see both SATA drives. Something similar to this should work for NAS4Free. I just need to find the equivalent commands and file to update. One option I've seen that may be relevant is to provide device.hints. Or maybe this option to update the boot image will work as well.
SS4200-E NAS4Free Not FInding PATA
I received a 1x to 16x PCI-E adapter so that I could run a video card in my SS4200-E. It worked perfectly, and I was able to watch the whole boot sequence, as well as run the NAS4Free installer from the LiveUSB stick. I got the latest - 9.1.0.775.
I tried to install to the CF on a CF-IDE adapter, but the installer did not show the disk, even though it was recognized by the BIOS. I then tried a laptop PATA drive using an adapter to an 80 pin ide cable. The BIOS saw the drive, but the installer did not. Finally, I tried a DOM (disk-on-module) plugged into the PATA port. I have already installed the EMC Lifeline software that comes with the device to this DOM on this machine, so I know it works. The NAS4Free installed did not see the DOM either.
My conclusion is that the NAS4Free (FreeBSD) OS is not recognizing the PATA port. I think that something can be done in device hints, but I'll have to research FreeBSD some more to find out.
I tried to install to the CF on a CF-IDE adapter, but the installer did not show the disk, even though it was recognized by the BIOS. I then tried a laptop PATA drive using an adapter to an 80 pin ide cable. The BIOS saw the drive, but the installer did not. Finally, I tried a DOM (disk-on-module) plugged into the PATA port. I have already installed the EMC Lifeline software that comes with the device to this DOM on this machine, so I know it works. The NAS4Free installed did not see the DOM either.
My conclusion is that the NAS4Free (FreeBSD) OS is not recognizing the PATA port. I think that something can be done in device hints, but I'll have to research FreeBSD some more to find out.
Tuesday, June 18, 2013
Extracting 3TB Drive from Seagate Expansion External Drive
I have a 3TB external Expansion Drive from Seagate that I bought solely to extract the drive from to use in my desktop. The case is held together by many plastic clips that you have to use a thin card or tool to pry apart. I followed a guide like this one:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ouaO946KnDA
After I took it out, I put it in my desktop and booted up. Windows 7 showed 3 partitions:
Now I'll run some more diagnostics on it, then start transferring data over.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ouaO946KnDA
After I took it out, I put it in my desktop and booted up. Windows 7 showed 3 partitions:
- ~300GB, RAW, mounted as drive E
- ~1900GB unallocated
- ~700GB unallocated
Now I'll run some more diagnostics on it, then start transferring data over.
Wednesday, June 12, 2013
Mouse Jitter Problems
I solved two different mouse problems that I thought were being caused by the same thing - a bad mouse.
I have a Razer Copperhead mouse. It is several years old and has dpi and sensitivity adjustments, as well as some other features. In order to use all of the features, you have to install a Razer control panel. Not my favorite thing to do, but I did. I flashed it to the latest firmware also. At this time, it is driver 6.10 and firmware 6.32.
I was having two problems. The first is that when I would drag a window across my desktop in Windows 7, the Aero shake feature would activate. This feature minimizes all windows except the one that you are dragging.
The second problem was in Linux Mint 14, which is an Ubuntu derivative without the Unity interface. In Linux Mint, there is a hot corner in the upper left. When you move your mouse there, the desktop shrinks and presents all of your workspaces. This was happening whenever I dragged a window around, and sometimes when I was just moving the mouse.
My first thought was that the driver for the mouse was registering strange jumps, which would activate the shake and possibly trigger the hot corner. I tried another mouse, and I did not have the Aero Shake problem. I watched the mouse when using the copperhead and noticed that it was very jittery. I tried to adjust the dpi and sensitivity settings, but I was unable to resolve this.
In Linux Mint, I knew that I had not installed the guest additions for VirtualBox, so I went to install from the supplied guest additions. I then noted that the guest additions were already installed. Linux Mint must have been smart enough to figure it was a VM and installed the packaged during the initial setup. I noticed that the additions from VirtualBox were newer, so I uninstalled the provided ones, rebooted, and installed the guest additions from VirtualBox. Mouse problem solved.
My next step was to uninstall the Razer software, which left crap behind. Specifically, the copperhd.cpl file was left in windows\system32 somewhere, so I had to delete that. The .cpl file creates a control panel entry, but doesn't cause any problems other than being an eyesore.
My final solution is a Gigabyte Thor mouse. It is a little bigger, but tracks much more smoothly. It does have an obnoxious blue light coming out from the laser area, but it usually doesn't matter unless you pick the mouse up. I'm not sure what I'll do with the copperhead. It does not track smoothly using the default windows drivers either, and still triggers Aero Shake.
I have a Razer Copperhead mouse. It is several years old and has dpi and sensitivity adjustments, as well as some other features. In order to use all of the features, you have to install a Razer control panel. Not my favorite thing to do, but I did. I flashed it to the latest firmware also. At this time, it is driver 6.10 and firmware 6.32.
I was having two problems. The first is that when I would drag a window across my desktop in Windows 7, the Aero shake feature would activate. This feature minimizes all windows except the one that you are dragging.
The second problem was in Linux Mint 14, which is an Ubuntu derivative without the Unity interface. In Linux Mint, there is a hot corner in the upper left. When you move your mouse there, the desktop shrinks and presents all of your workspaces. This was happening whenever I dragged a window around, and sometimes when I was just moving the mouse.
My first thought was that the driver for the mouse was registering strange jumps, which would activate the shake and possibly trigger the hot corner. I tried another mouse, and I did not have the Aero Shake problem. I watched the mouse when using the copperhead and noticed that it was very jittery. I tried to adjust the dpi and sensitivity settings, but I was unable to resolve this.
In Linux Mint, I knew that I had not installed the guest additions for VirtualBox, so I went to install from the supplied guest additions. I then noted that the guest additions were already installed. Linux Mint must have been smart enough to figure it was a VM and installed the packaged during the initial setup. I noticed that the additions from VirtualBox were newer, so I uninstalled the provided ones, rebooted, and installed the guest additions from VirtualBox. Mouse problem solved.
My next step was to uninstall the Razer software, which left crap behind. Specifically, the copperhd.cpl file was left in windows\system32 somewhere, so I had to delete that. The .cpl file creates a control panel entry, but doesn't cause any problems other than being an eyesore.
My final solution is a Gigabyte Thor mouse. It is a little bigger, but tracks much more smoothly. It does have an obnoxious blue light coming out from the laser area, but it usually doesn't matter unless you pick the mouse up. I'm not sure what I'll do with the copperhead. It does not track smoothly using the default windows drivers either, and still triggers Aero Shake.
Sunday, June 9, 2013
NAS4Free embedded on Compact Flash
I've been trying to get NAS4Free embedded running on a compact flash card mounted to the PATA port on an SS4200-E using an IDE to CF adapter. I've tried installing to multiple CF cards using a live USB image, but it always throws an error when trying to find the config.xml file.
For something new, I decided to use the embedded image (instead of the live USB image). This is a compressed file. I use NAS4Free-x64-embedded-9.1.0.1.724.img from here: http://sourceforge.net/projects/nas4free/files/NAS4Free-9.1.0.1/9.1.0.1.724/
Of course, as soon as I went there I saw that there was an update 24 hours ago.
Anyway, I extracted the image using 7zip, then added a "img" extension, then burned the new .img file to the compact flash card using Win32DiskImager.
Then, I put the CF card on a USB reader (something different) and booted. As usually, the serial output died after the "Welcome to NAS4Free!" menu, but this time I got the server to boot. I enabled serial output and changed the message of the day. Then I rebooted. I wanted to see if the config.xml file was going to be saved or not. I really don't know were it does get saved, if at all.
This time, it worked. I was able to see all the boot, the MOTD, and the console setup menu. The next step is to put the card in the IDE port and see if it works there. If not, then either the adapter is not working or there is a conflict in BIOS. Or there may be a bug, so I should try the latest version if this doesn't work.
When I put it in the adapter, I get this error:
Reboot and Select proper Boot device
or Insert Boot Media in selected Boot device and press a key
Turns out the adapter wasn't inserted correctly! After booting, I got the same error as always:
*******************************************************************************
FATAL ERROR!
The device that contains the configuration file (config.xml) could not be
found. NAS4Free cannot continue booting.
*******************************************************************************
Clearly, the CF card is being mounted/treated differently when it is attached via USB vs. the CF to IDE adapter. I tried on a newer 1GB CF card in case the bios settings were conflicting.
The serial output showed what devices are being mounted. It probably has something to do with md0. It only tries to find config.xml on ad0 and ad1, which are the two SATA drives in the system.
ÚÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ¿
³ ³
³ ³
³ ³
³ ³
³ Welcome to NAS4Free! ³
³ ³
³ 1. Boot NAS4Free in Normal Mode ³
³ 2. Boot NAS4Free with ACPI enabled ³
³ 3. Boot NAS4Free in Safe Mode ³
³ 4. Boot NAS4Free with verbose logging ³
³ 5. Escape to loader prompt ³
³ 6. Reboot system ³
³ ³
³ ³
³ ³
³ ³
³ ³
³ Select option, [Enter] for default ³
³ or [Space] to pause timer 0 ³
ÀÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÙ
Copyright (c) 1992-2012 The FreeBSD Project.
Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994
The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
FreeBSD is a registered trademark of The FreeBSD Foundation.
FreeBSD 9.1-RELEASE-p3 #0 r251558M: Sun Jun 9 00:59:19 CEST 2013
root@dev.nas4free.org:/usr/obj/nas4free/usr/src/sys/NAS4FREE-amd64 amd64
CPU: Intel(R) Celeron(R) CPU 420 @ 1.60GHz (1600.03-MHz K8-class CPU)
Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x10661 Family = 6 Model = 16 Stepping = 1
Features=0xafebfbff<FPU,VME,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,PAE,MCE,CX8,APIC,SEP,MTRR,PGE,MCA,CMOV,PAT,PSE36,CLFLUSH,DTS,ACPI,MMX,FXSR,SSE,SSE2,SS,TM,PBE>
Features2=0xe31d<SSE3,DTES64,MON,DS_CPL,TM2,SSSE3,CX16,xTPR,PDCM>
AMD Features=0x20100800<SYSCALL,NX,LM>
AMD Features2=0x1<LAHF>
TSC: P-state invariant, performance statistics
real memory = 1073741824 (1024 MB)
avail memory = 760705024 (725 MB)
Event timer "LAPIC" quality 400
ACPI APIC Table: <121907 APIC1340>
ioapic0 <Version 2.0> irqs 0-23 on motherboard
kbd1 at kbdmux0
cryptosoft0: <software crypto> on motherboard
acpi0: <121907 XSDT1340> on motherboard
acpi0: Power Button (fixed)
acpi0: reservation of 0, a0000 (3) failed
acpi0: reservation of 100000, 3f700000 (3) failed
cpu0: <ACPI CPU> on acpi0
attimer0: <AT timer> port 0x40-0x43 irq 0 on acpi0
Timecounter "i8254" frequency 1193182 Hz quality 0
Event timer "i8254" frequency 1193182 Hz quality 100
atrtc0: <AT realtime clock> port 0x70-0x71 irq 8 on acpi0
Event timer "RTC" frequency 32768 Hz quality 0
Timecounter "ACPI-fast" frequency 3579545 Hz quality 900
acpi_timer0: <24-bit timer at 3.579545MHz> port 0x808-0x80b on acpi0
pcib0: <ACPI Host-PCI bridge> port 0xcf8-0xcff on acpi0
pci0: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib0
vgapci0: <VGA-compatible display> port 0xec00-0xec07 mem 0xffa80000-0xffafffff,0xe0000000-0xefffffff,0xffa40000-0xffa7ffff irq 16 at device 2.0 on pci0
agp0: <Intel 82945G (945G GMCH) SVGA controller> on vgapci0
agp0: aperture size is 256M, detected 7932k stolen memory
pcib1: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 16 at device 28.0 on pci0
pci1: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib1
em0: <Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Connection 7.3.2> port 0xbc00-0xbc1f mem 0xff6e0000-0xff6fffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci1
em0: Using an MSI interrupt
em0: Ethernet address: 00:15:17:31:c9:8f
pcib2: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 18 at device 28.2 on pci0
pci2: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib2
siis0: <SiI3132 SATA controller> port 0xcc00-0xcc7f mem 0xff8ffc00-0xff8ffc7f,0xff8f8000-0xff8fbfff irq 18 at device 0.0 on pci2
siisch0: <SIIS channel> at channel 0 on siis0
siisch1: <SIIS channel> at channel 1 on siis0
uhci0: <Intel 82801G (ICH7) USB controller USB-A> port 0xe880-0xe89f irq 23 at device 29.0 on pci0
uhci0: LegSup = 0x2f00
usbus0 on uhci0
uhci1: <Intel 82801G (ICH7) USB controller USB-B> port 0xe800-0xe81f irq 19 at device 29.1 on pci0
uhci1: LegSup = 0x2f00
usbus1 on uhci1
uhci2: <Intel 82801G (ICH7) USB controller USB-C> port 0xe480-0xe49f irq 18 at device 29.2 on pci0
uhci2: LegSup = 0x2f00
usbus2 on uhci2
uhci3: <Intel 82801G (ICH7) USB controller USB-D> port 0xe400-0xe41f irq 16 at device 29.3 on pci0
uhci3: LegSup = 0x2f00
usbus3 on uhci3
ehci0: <Intel 82801GB/R (ICH7) USB 2.0 controller> mem 0xffa3fc00-0xffa3ffff irq 23 at device 29.7 on pci0
usbus4: EHCI version 1.0
usbus4 on ehci0
pcib3: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> at device 30.0 on pci0
pci3: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib3
isab0: <PCI-ISA bridge> at device 31.0 on pci0
isa0: <ISA bus> on isab0
ahci0: <Intel ICH7 AHCI SATA controller> port 0xe080-0xe087,0xe000-0xe003,0xdc00-0xdc07,0xd880-0xd883,0xd800-0xd80f mem 0xffa3f800-0xffa3fbff irq 19 at device 31.2 on pci0
ahci0: AHCI v1.10 with 4 3Gbps ports, Port Multiplier not supported
ahcich0: <AHCI channel> at channel 0 on ahci0
ahcich1: <AHCI channel> at channel 1 on ahci0
ahcich2: <AHCI channel> at channel 2 on ahci0
ahcich3: <AHCI channel> at channel 3 on ahci0
pci0: <serial bus, SMBus> at device 31.3 (no driver attached)
acpi_button0: <Power Button> on acpi0
uart0: <16550 or compatible> port 0x3f8-0x3ff irq 4 flags 0x10 on acpi0
uart0: console (9600,n,8,1)
sc0: <System console> at flags 0x100 on isa0
sc0: VGA <16 virtual consoles, flags=0x300>
vga0: <Generic ISA VGA> at port 0x3c0-0x3df iomem 0xa0000-0xbffff on isa0
atkbdc0: <Keyboard controller (i8042)> at port 0x60,0x64 on isa0
atkbd0: <AT Keyboard> irq 1 on atkbdc0
kbd0 at atkbd0
atkbd0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
ppc0: cannot reserve I/O port range
ctl: CAM Target Layer loaded
coretemp0: <CPU On-Die Thermal Sensors> on cpu0
coretemp0: Tj(target) value 0 does not seem right.
p4tcc0: <CPU Frequency Thermal Control> on cpu0
ZFS WARNING: Recommended minimum kmem_size is 512MB; expect unstable behavior.
Consider tuning vm.kmem_size and vm.kmem_size_max
in /boot/loader.conf.
ZFS filesystem version 5
ZFS storage pool version 28
Timecounters tick every 1.000 msec
ipfw2 (+ipv6) initialized, divert loadable, nat loadable, rule-based forwarding disabled, default to accept, logging disabled
iSCSI boot driver version 0.2.6
md0: Preloaded image </mfsroot> 232783872 bytes at 0xffffffff819a3c58
usbus0: 12Mbps Full Speed USB v1.0
usbus1: 12Mbps Full Speed USB v1.0
ugen0.1: <Intel> at usbus0
uhub0: <Intel UHCI root HUB, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usbus0
ugen1.1: <Intel> at usbus1
uhub1: <Intel UHCI root HUB, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usbus1
usbus2: 12Mbps Full Speed USB v1.0
usbus3: 12Mbps Full Speed USB v1.0
ugen2.1: <Intel> at usbus2
uhub2: <Intel UHCI root HUB, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usbus2
ugen3.1: <Intel> at usbus3
uhub3: <Intel UHCI root HUB, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usbus3
usbus4: 480Mbps High Speed USB v2.0
ugen4.1: <Intel> at usbus4
uhub4: <Intel EHCI root HUB, class 9/0, rev 2.00/1.00, addr 1> on usbus4
uhub0: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhub1: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhub2: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhub3: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhub4: 8 ports with 8 removable, self powered
ada0 at ahcich0 bus 0 scbus2 target 0 lun 0
ada0: <SAMSUNG HD103SJ 1AJ100E4> ATA-8 SATA 2.x device
ada0: 300.000MB/s transfers (SATA 2.x, UDMA6, PIO 8192bytes)
ada0: Command Queueing enabled
ada0: 953869MB (1953525168 512 byte sectors: 16H 63S/T 16383C)
ada0: Previously was known as ad8
ada1 at ahcich1 bus 0 scbus3 target 0 lun 0
ada1: <SAMSUNG HD103SJ 1AJ100E4> ATA-8 SATA 2.x device
ada1: 300.000MB/s transfers (SATA 2.x, UDMA6, PIO 8192bytes)
ada1: Command Queueing enabled
ada1: 953869MB (1953525168 512 byte sectors: 16H 63S/T 16383C)
ada1: Previously was known as ad10
Timecounter "TSC" frequency 1600034840 Hz quality 1000
Trying to mount root from ufs:/dev/md0 []...
Loading configuration files.
Booting platform: embedded
Looking for configuration file: ada1 ada0 ada1 ada0
*******************************************************************************
FATAL ERROR!
The device that contains the configuration file (config.xml) could not be
found. NAS4Free cannot continue booting.
*******************************************************************************
For something new, I decided to use the embedded image (instead of the live USB image). This is a compressed file. I use NAS4Free-x64-embedded-9.1.0.1.724.img from here: http://sourceforge.net/projects/nas4free/files/NAS4Free-9.1.0.1/9.1.0.1.724/
Of course, as soon as I went there I saw that there was an update 24 hours ago.
Anyway, I extracted the image using 7zip, then added a "img" extension, then burned the new .img file to the compact flash card using Win32DiskImager.
Then, I put the CF card on a USB reader (something different) and booted. As usually, the serial output died after the "Welcome to NAS4Free!" menu, but this time I got the server to boot. I enabled serial output and changed the message of the day. Then I rebooted. I wanted to see if the config.xml file was going to be saved or not. I really don't know were it does get saved, if at all.
This time, it worked. I was able to see all the boot, the MOTD, and the console setup menu. The next step is to put the card in the IDE port and see if it works there. If not, then either the adapter is not working or there is a conflict in BIOS. Or there may be a bug, so I should try the latest version if this doesn't work.
When I put it in the adapter, I get this error:
Reboot and Select proper Boot device
or Insert Boot Media in selected Boot device and press a key
Turns out the adapter wasn't inserted correctly! After booting, I got the same error as always:
*******************************************************************************
FATAL ERROR!
The device that contains the configuration file (config.xml) could not be
found. NAS4Free cannot continue booting.
*******************************************************************************
Clearly, the CF card is being mounted/treated differently when it is attached via USB vs. the CF to IDE adapter. I tried on a newer 1GB CF card in case the bios settings were conflicting.
The serial output showed what devices are being mounted. It probably has something to do with md0. It only tries to find config.xml on ad0 and ad1, which are the two SATA drives in the system.
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³ ³
³ ³
³ ³
³ ³
³ Welcome to NAS4Free! ³
³ ³
³ 1. Boot NAS4Free in Normal Mode ³
³ 2. Boot NAS4Free with ACPI enabled ³
³ 3. Boot NAS4Free in Safe Mode ³
³ 4. Boot NAS4Free with verbose logging ³
³ 5. Escape to loader prompt ³
³ 6. Reboot system ³
³ ³
³ ³
³ ³
³ ³
³ ³
³ Select option, [Enter] for default ³
³ or [Space] to pause timer 0 ³
ÀÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÙ
Copyright (c) 1992-2012 The FreeBSD Project.
Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994
The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
FreeBSD is a registered trademark of The FreeBSD Foundation.
FreeBSD 9.1-RELEASE-p3 #0 r251558M: Sun Jun 9 00:59:19 CEST 2013
root@dev.nas4free.org:/usr/obj/nas4free/usr/src/sys/NAS4FREE-amd64 amd64
CPU: Intel(R) Celeron(R) CPU 420 @ 1.60GHz (1600.03-MHz K8-class CPU)
Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x10661 Family = 6 Model = 16 Stepping = 1
Features=0xafebfbff<FPU,VME,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,PAE,MCE,CX8,APIC,SEP,MTRR,PGE,MCA,CMOV,PAT,PSE36,CLFLUSH,DTS,ACPI,MMX,FXSR,SSE,SSE2,SS,TM,PBE>
Features2=0xe31d<SSE3,DTES64,MON,DS_CPL,TM2,SSSE3,CX16,xTPR,PDCM>
AMD Features=0x20100800<SYSCALL,NX,LM>
AMD Features2=0x1<LAHF>
TSC: P-state invariant, performance statistics
real memory = 1073741824 (1024 MB)
avail memory = 760705024 (725 MB)
Event timer "LAPIC" quality 400
ACPI APIC Table: <121907 APIC1340>
ioapic0 <Version 2.0> irqs 0-23 on motherboard
kbd1 at kbdmux0
cryptosoft0: <software crypto> on motherboard
acpi0: <121907 XSDT1340> on motherboard
acpi0: Power Button (fixed)
acpi0: reservation of 0, a0000 (3) failed
acpi0: reservation of 100000, 3f700000 (3) failed
cpu0: <ACPI CPU> on acpi0
attimer0: <AT timer> port 0x40-0x43 irq 0 on acpi0
Timecounter "i8254" frequency 1193182 Hz quality 0
Event timer "i8254" frequency 1193182 Hz quality 100
atrtc0: <AT realtime clock> port 0x70-0x71 irq 8 on acpi0
Event timer "RTC" frequency 32768 Hz quality 0
Timecounter "ACPI-fast" frequency 3579545 Hz quality 900
acpi_timer0: <24-bit timer at 3.579545MHz> port 0x808-0x80b on acpi0
pcib0: <ACPI Host-PCI bridge> port 0xcf8-0xcff on acpi0
pci0: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib0
vgapci0: <VGA-compatible display> port 0xec00-0xec07 mem 0xffa80000-0xffafffff,0xe0000000-0xefffffff,0xffa40000-0xffa7ffff irq 16 at device 2.0 on pci0
agp0: <Intel 82945G (945G GMCH) SVGA controller> on vgapci0
agp0: aperture size is 256M, detected 7932k stolen memory
pcib1: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 16 at device 28.0 on pci0
pci1: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib1
em0: <Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Connection 7.3.2> port 0xbc00-0xbc1f mem 0xff6e0000-0xff6fffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci1
em0: Using an MSI interrupt
em0: Ethernet address: 00:15:17:31:c9:8f
pcib2: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 18 at device 28.2 on pci0
pci2: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib2
siis0: <SiI3132 SATA controller> port 0xcc00-0xcc7f mem 0xff8ffc00-0xff8ffc7f,0xff8f8000-0xff8fbfff irq 18 at device 0.0 on pci2
siisch0: <SIIS channel> at channel 0 on siis0
siisch1: <SIIS channel> at channel 1 on siis0
uhci0: <Intel 82801G (ICH7) USB controller USB-A> port 0xe880-0xe89f irq 23 at device 29.0 on pci0
uhci0: LegSup = 0x2f00
usbus0 on uhci0
uhci1: <Intel 82801G (ICH7) USB controller USB-B> port 0xe800-0xe81f irq 19 at device 29.1 on pci0
uhci1: LegSup = 0x2f00
usbus1 on uhci1
uhci2: <Intel 82801G (ICH7) USB controller USB-C> port 0xe480-0xe49f irq 18 at device 29.2 on pci0
uhci2: LegSup = 0x2f00
usbus2 on uhci2
uhci3: <Intel 82801G (ICH7) USB controller USB-D> port 0xe400-0xe41f irq 16 at device 29.3 on pci0
uhci3: LegSup = 0x2f00
usbus3 on uhci3
ehci0: <Intel 82801GB/R (ICH7) USB 2.0 controller> mem 0xffa3fc00-0xffa3ffff irq 23 at device 29.7 on pci0
usbus4: EHCI version 1.0
usbus4 on ehci0
pcib3: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> at device 30.0 on pci0
pci3: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib3
isab0: <PCI-ISA bridge> at device 31.0 on pci0
isa0: <ISA bus> on isab0
ahci0: <Intel ICH7 AHCI SATA controller> port 0xe080-0xe087,0xe000-0xe003,0xdc00-0xdc07,0xd880-0xd883,0xd800-0xd80f mem 0xffa3f800-0xffa3fbff irq 19 at device 31.2 on pci0
ahci0: AHCI v1.10 with 4 3Gbps ports, Port Multiplier not supported
ahcich0: <AHCI channel> at channel 0 on ahci0
ahcich1: <AHCI channel> at channel 1 on ahci0
ahcich2: <AHCI channel> at channel 2 on ahci0
ahcich3: <AHCI channel> at channel 3 on ahci0
pci0: <serial bus, SMBus> at device 31.3 (no driver attached)
acpi_button0: <Power Button> on acpi0
uart0: <16550 or compatible> port 0x3f8-0x3ff irq 4 flags 0x10 on acpi0
uart0: console (9600,n,8,1)
sc0: <System console> at flags 0x100 on isa0
sc0: VGA <16 virtual consoles, flags=0x300>
vga0: <Generic ISA VGA> at port 0x3c0-0x3df iomem 0xa0000-0xbffff on isa0
atkbdc0: <Keyboard controller (i8042)> at port 0x60,0x64 on isa0
atkbd0: <AT Keyboard> irq 1 on atkbdc0
kbd0 at atkbd0
atkbd0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
ppc0: cannot reserve I/O port range
ctl: CAM Target Layer loaded
coretemp0: <CPU On-Die Thermal Sensors> on cpu0
coretemp0: Tj(target) value 0 does not seem right.
p4tcc0: <CPU Frequency Thermal Control> on cpu0
ZFS WARNING: Recommended minimum kmem_size is 512MB; expect unstable behavior.
Consider tuning vm.kmem_size and vm.kmem_size_max
in /boot/loader.conf.
ZFS filesystem version 5
ZFS storage pool version 28
Timecounters tick every 1.000 msec
ipfw2 (+ipv6) initialized, divert loadable, nat loadable, rule-based forwarding disabled, default to accept, logging disabled
iSCSI boot driver version 0.2.6
md0: Preloaded image </mfsroot> 232783872 bytes at 0xffffffff819a3c58
usbus0: 12Mbps Full Speed USB v1.0
usbus1: 12Mbps Full Speed USB v1.0
ugen0.1: <Intel> at usbus0
uhub0: <Intel UHCI root HUB, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usbus0
ugen1.1: <Intel> at usbus1
uhub1: <Intel UHCI root HUB, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usbus1
usbus2: 12Mbps Full Speed USB v1.0
usbus3: 12Mbps Full Speed USB v1.0
ugen2.1: <Intel> at usbus2
uhub2: <Intel UHCI root HUB, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usbus2
ugen3.1: <Intel> at usbus3
uhub3: <Intel UHCI root HUB, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usbus3
usbus4: 480Mbps High Speed USB v2.0
ugen4.1: <Intel> at usbus4
uhub4: <Intel EHCI root HUB, class 9/0, rev 2.00/1.00, addr 1> on usbus4
uhub0: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhub1: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhub2: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhub3: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhub4: 8 ports with 8 removable, self powered
ada0 at ahcich0 bus 0 scbus2 target 0 lun 0
ada0: <SAMSUNG HD103SJ 1AJ100E4> ATA-8 SATA 2.x device
ada0: 300.000MB/s transfers (SATA 2.x, UDMA6, PIO 8192bytes)
ada0: Command Queueing enabled
ada0: 953869MB (1953525168 512 byte sectors: 16H 63S/T 16383C)
ada0: Previously was known as ad8
ada1 at ahcich1 bus 0 scbus3 target 0 lun 0
ada1: <SAMSUNG HD103SJ 1AJ100E4> ATA-8 SATA 2.x device
ada1: 300.000MB/s transfers (SATA 2.x, UDMA6, PIO 8192bytes)
ada1: Command Queueing enabled
ada1: 953869MB (1953525168 512 byte sectors: 16H 63S/T 16383C)
ada1: Previously was known as ad10
Timecounter "TSC" frequency 1600034840 Hz quality 1000
Trying to mount root from ufs:/dev/md0 []...
Loading configuration files.
Booting platform: embedded
Looking for configuration file: ada1 ada0 ada1 ada0
*******************************************************************************
FATAL ERROR!
The device that contains the configuration file (config.xml) could not be
found. NAS4Free cannot continue booting.
*******************************************************************************
Friday, June 7, 2013
SS4200-E NAS4Free install to DOM
Instead of installing nas4free embedded to a CF card using a different computer, I'm trying to install from the live USB image right to the DOM using the SS4200E. The problem is that the live USB image does not have serial output enabled by default, so I don't get any more output after the boot menu.
NAS4Free does boot up to the default IP address of 192.168.1.250, but I don't have a serial connection to start the install of the embedded image. I'm waiting for a PCI-E 16x to PC-E 1x cable so that I can hook up a video card to the PCI-E 1x slot. Then I should see the whole boot process and be able to install right from the SS4200-E.
In the meantime, I added another usb stick to the system and configured NAS4Free to use it. Then I could store the config.xml file on that disk, and hopefully when the usb live image boots, it will see the config.xml file and turn serial output on.
I mounted the usb card, tried to copy the config.xml to there, and tried to make a new conf folder and copy the config.xml there. None of those worked.
I don't think that the live USB stick is reading a config.xml file from where I had put it.
NAS4Free does boot up to the default IP address of 192.168.1.250, but I don't have a serial connection to start the install of the embedded image. I'm waiting for a PCI-E 16x to PC-E 1x cable so that I can hook up a video card to the PCI-E 1x slot. Then I should see the whole boot process and be able to install right from the SS4200-E.
In the meantime, I added another usb stick to the system and configured NAS4Free to use it. Then I could store the config.xml file on that disk, and hopefully when the usb live image boots, it will see the config.xml file and turn serial output on.
I mounted the usb card, tried to copy the config.xml to there, and tried to make a new conf folder and copy the config.xml there. None of those worked.
I don't think that the live USB stick is reading a config.xml file from where I had put it.
Meyer-Optik Görlitz Trioplan 100mm f/2.8 mini-review
I like fast lenses for the pleasing bokeh that they often create. I use a Canon 6D now, which is a full frame camera. I have some fast lenses that I really like (85mm f/1.8 and 135mm f/2), but I like "normal" focal lengths in the 40-50mm range. I read a lot about some of the old lenses, and a Rokkor 58mm f/1.2 is something that has legendary characteristics. As I read about these older lenses, another one caught my interest.
The Meyer-Optik Görlitz Trioplan 100mm is a Cooke Triplet design that was made in the 1950's. It has only three lenses in three groups. The Cooke Triplet is one of the first and simplest designs to correct for the seven Seidel aberrations. One side effect is that out of focus highlights take on a soap bubble look. Also, light objects can get a halo around them. This makes for a very unique lens.
I've seen them in Exacta and M42 mounts. The m42 mount can adapt directly to the EOS mount and be used on Canon SLRs. Here's a picture of mine with the m42 to EOS adapter on.
It's a neat look in aluminum. It looks a little funny on the camera, but it creates a really neat look. I'll see about polishing it up later.
The first image is shooting into a tree while focuses at MFD. The sky between the leaves turns into the "soap bubbles."
I also found that it has been pretty easy to focus using the 6D and the standard focusing screen. I used to have the high precision screen on my 5D, but didn't find it very beneficial. I didn't use many old lenses on it though.
Some nice features of the Trioplan are a long focus through. It turns almost 360° vs. the 90° or so of current auto focus lenses. This really lets you have fine control when focusing. This is true of a lot of older manual focus lens, though. The other nice thing is that the aperture setting is "declicked." What this means is when changing the aperture, you can stop anywhere between the f-stops, and there is no clicking sound when moving to each stop. This makes it great for video.
These sell on ebay between $350-600 plus now. Many are sold from Poland and Germany, so make sure to check worldwide when searching. The exacta mounts are much more common, but I think that you'd have to Frankenstein an m42 mount over the existing exacta mount, and then maybe adjust infinity focus.
I did a lot of research on these as I tried to purchase one. I'm happy to answer questions if you have any.
The Meyer-Optik Görlitz Trioplan 100mm is a Cooke Triplet design that was made in the 1950's. It has only three lenses in three groups. The Cooke Triplet is one of the first and simplest designs to correct for the seven Seidel aberrations. One side effect is that out of focus highlights take on a soap bubble look. Also, light objects can get a halo around them. This makes for a very unique lens.
I've seen them in Exacta and M42 mounts. The m42 mount can adapt directly to the EOS mount and be used on Canon SLRs. Here's a picture of mine with the m42 to EOS adapter on.
It's a neat look in aluminum. It looks a little funny on the camera, but it creates a really neat look. I'll see about polishing it up later.
The first image is shooting into a tree while focuses at MFD. The sky between the leaves turns into the "soap bubbles."
This one was taken close to the MFD while I was waiting at a soccer practice. The composition isn't great, but it shows the unique bokeh.
I also found that it has been pretty easy to focus using the 6D and the standard focusing screen. I used to have the high precision screen on my 5D, but didn't find it very beneficial. I didn't use many old lenses on it though.
Some nice features of the Trioplan are a long focus through. It turns almost 360° vs. the 90° or so of current auto focus lenses. This really lets you have fine control when focusing. This is true of a lot of older manual focus lens, though. The other nice thing is that the aperture setting is "declicked." What this means is when changing the aperture, you can stop anywhere between the f-stops, and there is no clicking sound when moving to each stop. This makes it great for video.
These sell on ebay between $350-600 plus now. Many are sold from Poland and Germany, so make sure to check worldwide when searching. The exacta mounts are much more common, but I think that you'd have to Frankenstein an m42 mount over the existing exacta mount, and then maybe adjust infinity focus.
I did a lot of research on these as I tried to purchase one. I'm happy to answer questions if you have any.
BIOS settings for CF mounted to PATA port on SS4200-E
I am trying to install NAS4Free to a compact flash card mounted to the PATA port on my SS4200-E.
Here is what I have tried.
I move the card to the SS4200-E using the IDE-to-CF adapter. It boots to the welcome screen (seen using a serial connection at 9600 baud) and then goes to the normal boot (option 1 of 6). It freezes shortly after that.
I booted it back on on the laptop and connected it to the network via ethernet. I went to the login page (192.168.1.250) and logged in with the default username/password of root/nas4free.
Then I enabled serial output under the System|Advanced menu, put it back in the SS4200-E, and booted up. This time I got to see the output after nas4free started to boot up, right until the FATAL ERROR:
FATAL ERROR!
The device that contains the configuration file (config.xml) could not be found. NAS4Free cannot continue booting.
This is perplexing, because clearly the CF card is being read and booted from. On the laptop, the config.xml file is easily found. So somehow, the partition that has config.xml is not being found.
I need to find out how the embedded image is configured, then see how the SS4200-E is mounting it.
There is an option for verbose logging, so I'll do that next.
Device configuration finished.
procfs registered
ZFS WARNING: Recommended minimum kmem_size is 512MB; expect unstable behavior.
Consider tuning vm.kmem_size and vm.kmem_size_max
in /boot/loader.conf.
ZFS filesystem version 5
ZFS storage pool version 28
lapic: Divisor 2, Frequency 100002226 Hz
Timecounters tick every 1.000 msec
crypto: <crypto device>
vlan: initialized, using hash tables with chaining
ipfw2 (+ipv6) initialized, divert loadable, nat loadable, rule-based forwarding disabled, default to accept, logging disabled
ipfw0: bpf attached
lo0: bpf attached
iSCSI boot driver version 0.2.6
hptrr: no controller detected.
md0: Preloaded image </mfsroot> 232783872 bytes at 0xffffffff819a3c58
usbus0: 12Mbps Full Speed USB v1.0
usbus1: 12Mbps Full Speed USB v1.0
ugen0.1: <Intel> at usbus0
uhub0: <Intel UHCI root HUB, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usbus0
ugen1.1: <Intel> at usbus1
uhub1: <Intel UHCI root HUB, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usbus1
usbus2: 12Mbps Full Speed USB v1.0
usbus3: 12Mbps Full Speed USB v1.0
ugen2.1: <Intel> at usbus2
uhub2: <Intel UHCI root HUB, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usbus2
ugen3.1: <Intel> at usbus3
uhub3: <Intel UHCI root HUB, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usbus3
usbus4: 480Mbps High Speed USB v2.0
siisch0: SIIS reset...
ugen4.1: <Intel> at usbus4
uhub4: <Intel EHCI root HUB, class 9/0, rev 2.00/1.00, addr 1> on usbus4
siisch0: SATA connect timeout time=10000us status=00000000
siisch0: SIIS reset done: phy reset found no device
uhub0: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhub1: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
siisch1: SIIS reset...
uhub2: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
siisch1: SATA connect timeout time=10000us status=00000000
uhub3: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
siisch1: SIIS reset done: phy reset found no device
ahcich0: AHCI reset...
ahcich0: SATA connect time=100us status=00000123
ahcich0: AHCI reset: device found
ahcich0: AHCI reset: device ready after 0ms
ahcich1: AHCI reset...
ahcich1: SATA connect time=100us status=00000123
ahcich1: AHCI reset: device found
ahcich1: AHCI reset: device ready after 0ms
ahcich2: AHCI reset...
ahcich2: SATA connect timeout time=10000us status=00000000
ahcich2: AHCI reset: device not found
ahcich3: AHCI reset...
ahcich3: SATA connect timeout time=10000us status=00000000
ahcich3: AHCI reset: device not found
uhub4: 8 ports with 8 removable, self powered
pass0 at ahcich0 bus 0 scbus2 target 0 lun 0
pass0: <SAMSUNG HD103SJ 1AJ100E4> ATA-8 SATA 2.x device
pass0: Serial Number S246J90Z199190
pass0: 300.000MB/s transfers (SATA 2.x, UDMA6, PIO 8192bytes)
pass0: Command Queueing enabled
pass1 at ahcich1 bus 0 scbus3 target 0 lun 0
pass1: <SAMSUNG HD103SJ 1AJ100E4> ATA-8 SATA 2.x device
pass1: Serial Number S246J90Z199188
pass1: 300.000MB/s transfers (SATA 2.x, UDMA6, PIO 8192bytes)
pass1: Command Queueing enabled
ada0 at ahcich0 bus 0 scbus2 target 0 lun 0
GEOM: new disk ada0
ada0: <SAMSUNG HD103SJ 1AJ100E4> ATA-8 SATA 2.x device
ada0: Serial Number S246J90Z199190
ada0: 300.000MB/s transfers (SATA 2.x, UDMA6, PIO 8192bytes)
ada0: Command Queueing enabled
ada0: 953869MB (1953525168 512 byte sectors: 16H 63S/T 16383C)
ada0: Previously was known as ad8
ada1 at ahcich1 bus 0 scbus3 target 0 lun 0
ada1: <SAMSUNG HD103SJ 1AJ100E4> ATA-8 SATA 2.x device
ada1: Serial Number S246J90Z199188
ada1: 300.000MB/s transfers (SATA 2.x, UDMA6, PIO 8192bytes)
ada1: Command Queueing enabled
ada1: 953869MB (1953525168 512 byte sectors: 16H 63S/T 16383C)
ada1: Previously was known as ad10
Timecounter "TSC" frequency 1600035328 Hz quality 1000
GEOM: new disk ada1
Trying to mount root from ufs:/dev/md0 []...
start_init: trying /sbin/init
Loading configuration files.
Booting platform: embedded
Looking for configuration file: ada1 ada0 ada1 ada0
*******************************************************************************
FATAL ERROR!
The device that contains the configuration file (config.xml) could not be
found. NAS4Free cannot continue booting.
*******************************************************************************
Waiting (max 60 seconds) for system process `vnlru' to stop...done
Waiting (max 60 seconds) for system process `bufdaemon' to stop...done
Waiting (max 60 seconds) for system process `syncer' to stop...
Syncing disks, vnodes remaining...0 done
All buffers synced.
Uptime: 18s
(ada0:ahcich0:0:0:0): spin-down
(ada1:ahcich1:0:0:0): spin-down
usbus0: Controller shutdown
uhub0: at usbus0, port 1, addr 1 (disconnected)
usbus0: Controller shutdown complete
usbus1: Controller shutdown
uhub1: at usbus1, port 1, addr 1 (disconnected)
usbus1: Controller shutdown complete
usbus2: Controller shutdown
uhub2: at usbus2, port 1, addr 1 (disconnected)
usbus2: Controller shutdown complete
usbus3: Controller shutdown
uhub3: at usbus3, port 1, addr 1 (disconnected)
usbus3: Controller shutdown complete
usbus4: Controller shutdown
uhub4: at usbus4, port 1, addr 1 (disconnected)
usbus4: Controller shutdown complete
unknown: wake_prep disabled wake for \_SB_.PCI0.P0P2 (S5)
pcib3: wake_prep disabled wake for \_SB_.PCI0.P0P1 (S5)
unknown: wake_prep disabled wake for \_SB_.PCI0.SBRG.PS2K (S5)
unknown: wake_prep disabled wake for \_SB_.PCI0.SBRG.PS2M (S5)
unknown: wake_prep disabled wake for \_SB_.PCI0.MC97 (S5)
pcib1: wake_prep disabled wake for \_SB_.PCI0.P0P4 (S5)
unknown: wake_prep disabled wake for \_SB_.PCI0.P0P5 (S5)
pcib2: wake_prep disabled wake for \_SB_.PCI0.P0P6 (S5)
unknown: wake_prep disabled wake for \_SB_.PCI0.P0P7 (S5)
unknown: wake_prep disabled wake for \_SB_.PCI0.P0P8 (S5)
unknown: wake_prep disabled wake for \_SB_.PCI0.P0P9 (S5)
uhci0: wake_prep disabled wake for \_SB_.PCI0.USB0 (S5)
uhci1: wake_prep disabled wake for \_SB_.PCI0.USB1 (S5)
uhci2: wake_prep disabled wake for \_SB_.PCI0.USB2 (S5)
uhci3: wake_prep disabled wake for \_SB_.PCI0.USB3 (S5)
ehci0: wake_prep disabled wake for \_SB_.PCI0.EUSB (S5)
The operating system has halted.
Please press any key to reboot.
I'm downloading a FreeBSD image now to mount the CF card in.
Here is what I have tried.
- Using another computer to write the embedded image to a 2GB Sandisk Ultra II CF card using a card reader. It booted fine on the other computer, but the SS4200-E had problems finding the config file.
- Using another computer to write the embedded image to a 1GB Sandisk Ultra II CF card using a card reader. It booted fine on the other computer, but the SS4200-E had problems finding the config file.
- Using the SS4200-E to install the embedded image from the usb live image to a 256MB Viking CF card. This didn't work either, and it did not boot on another computer.
I move the card to the SS4200-E using the IDE-to-CF adapter. It boots to the welcome screen (seen using a serial connection at 9600 baud) and then goes to the normal boot (option 1 of 6). It freezes shortly after that.
I booted it back on on the laptop and connected it to the network via ethernet. I went to the login page (192.168.1.250) and logged in with the default username/password of root/nas4free.
Then I enabled serial output under the System|Advanced menu, put it back in the SS4200-E, and booted up. This time I got to see the output after nas4free started to boot up, right until the FATAL ERROR:
FATAL ERROR!
The device that contains the configuration file (config.xml) could not be found. NAS4Free cannot continue booting.
This is perplexing, because clearly the CF card is being read and booted from. On the laptop, the config.xml file is easily found. So somehow, the partition that has config.xml is not being found.
I need to find out how the embedded image is configured, then see how the SS4200-E is mounting it.
There is an option for verbose logging, so I'll do that next.
Device configuration finished.
procfs registered
ZFS WARNING: Recommended minimum kmem_size is 512MB; expect unstable behavior.
Consider tuning vm.kmem_size and vm.kmem_size_max
in /boot/loader.conf.
ZFS filesystem version 5
ZFS storage pool version 28
lapic: Divisor 2, Frequency 100002226 Hz
Timecounters tick every 1.000 msec
crypto: <crypto device>
vlan: initialized, using hash tables with chaining
ipfw2 (+ipv6) initialized, divert loadable, nat loadable, rule-based forwarding disabled, default to accept, logging disabled
ipfw0: bpf attached
lo0: bpf attached
iSCSI boot driver version 0.2.6
hptrr: no controller detected.
md0: Preloaded image </mfsroot> 232783872 bytes at 0xffffffff819a3c58
usbus0: 12Mbps Full Speed USB v1.0
usbus1: 12Mbps Full Speed USB v1.0
ugen0.1: <Intel> at usbus0
uhub0: <Intel UHCI root HUB, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usbus0
ugen1.1: <Intel> at usbus1
uhub1: <Intel UHCI root HUB, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usbus1
usbus2: 12Mbps Full Speed USB v1.0
usbus3: 12Mbps Full Speed USB v1.0
ugen2.1: <Intel> at usbus2
uhub2: <Intel UHCI root HUB, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usbus2
ugen3.1: <Intel> at usbus3
uhub3: <Intel UHCI root HUB, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usbus3
usbus4: 480Mbps High Speed USB v2.0
siisch0: SIIS reset...
ugen4.1: <Intel> at usbus4
uhub4: <Intel EHCI root HUB, class 9/0, rev 2.00/1.00, addr 1> on usbus4
siisch0: SATA connect timeout time=10000us status=00000000
siisch0: SIIS reset done: phy reset found no device
uhub0: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhub1: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
siisch1: SIIS reset...
uhub2: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
siisch1: SATA connect timeout time=10000us status=00000000
uhub3: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
siisch1: SIIS reset done: phy reset found no device
ahcich0: AHCI reset...
ahcich0: SATA connect time=100us status=00000123
ahcich0: AHCI reset: device found
ahcich0: AHCI reset: device ready after 0ms
ahcich1: AHCI reset...
ahcich1: SATA connect time=100us status=00000123
ahcich1: AHCI reset: device found
ahcich1: AHCI reset: device ready after 0ms
ahcich2: AHCI reset...
ahcich2: SATA connect timeout time=10000us status=00000000
ahcich2: AHCI reset: device not found
ahcich3: AHCI reset...
ahcich3: SATA connect timeout time=10000us status=00000000
ahcich3: AHCI reset: device not found
uhub4: 8 ports with 8 removable, self powered
pass0 at ahcich0 bus 0 scbus2 target 0 lun 0
pass0: <SAMSUNG HD103SJ 1AJ100E4> ATA-8 SATA 2.x device
pass0: Serial Number S246J90Z199190
pass0: 300.000MB/s transfers (SATA 2.x, UDMA6, PIO 8192bytes)
pass0: Command Queueing enabled
pass1 at ahcich1 bus 0 scbus3 target 0 lun 0
pass1: <SAMSUNG HD103SJ 1AJ100E4> ATA-8 SATA 2.x device
pass1: Serial Number S246J90Z199188
pass1: 300.000MB/s transfers (SATA 2.x, UDMA6, PIO 8192bytes)
pass1: Command Queueing enabled
ada0 at ahcich0 bus 0 scbus2 target 0 lun 0
GEOM: new disk ada0
ada0: <SAMSUNG HD103SJ 1AJ100E4> ATA-8 SATA 2.x device
ada0: Serial Number S246J90Z199190
ada0: 300.000MB/s transfers (SATA 2.x, UDMA6, PIO 8192bytes)
ada0: Command Queueing enabled
ada0: 953869MB (1953525168 512 byte sectors: 16H 63S/T 16383C)
ada0: Previously was known as ad8
ada1 at ahcich1 bus 0 scbus3 target 0 lun 0
ada1: <SAMSUNG HD103SJ 1AJ100E4> ATA-8 SATA 2.x device
ada1: Serial Number S246J90Z199188
ada1: 300.000MB/s transfers (SATA 2.x, UDMA6, PIO 8192bytes)
ada1: Command Queueing enabled
ada1: 953869MB (1953525168 512 byte sectors: 16H 63S/T 16383C)
ada1: Previously was known as ad10
Timecounter "TSC" frequency 1600035328 Hz quality 1000
GEOM: new disk ada1
Trying to mount root from ufs:/dev/md0 []...
start_init: trying /sbin/init
Loading configuration files.
Booting platform: embedded
Looking for configuration file: ada1 ada0 ada1 ada0
*******************************************************************************
FATAL ERROR!
The device that contains the configuration file (config.xml) could not be
found. NAS4Free cannot continue booting.
*******************************************************************************
Waiting (max 60 seconds) for system process `vnlru' to stop...done
Waiting (max 60 seconds) for system process `bufdaemon' to stop...done
Waiting (max 60 seconds) for system process `syncer' to stop...
Syncing disks, vnodes remaining...0 done
All buffers synced.
Uptime: 18s
(ada0:ahcich0:0:0:0): spin-down
(ada1:ahcich1:0:0:0): spin-down
usbus0: Controller shutdown
uhub0: at usbus0, port 1, addr 1 (disconnected)
usbus0: Controller shutdown complete
usbus1: Controller shutdown
uhub1: at usbus1, port 1, addr 1 (disconnected)
usbus1: Controller shutdown complete
usbus2: Controller shutdown
uhub2: at usbus2, port 1, addr 1 (disconnected)
usbus2: Controller shutdown complete
usbus3: Controller shutdown
uhub3: at usbus3, port 1, addr 1 (disconnected)
usbus3: Controller shutdown complete
usbus4: Controller shutdown
uhub4: at usbus4, port 1, addr 1 (disconnected)
usbus4: Controller shutdown complete
unknown: wake_prep disabled wake for \_SB_.PCI0.P0P2 (S5)
pcib3: wake_prep disabled wake for \_SB_.PCI0.P0P1 (S5)
unknown: wake_prep disabled wake for \_SB_.PCI0.SBRG.PS2K (S5)
unknown: wake_prep disabled wake for \_SB_.PCI0.SBRG.PS2M (S5)
unknown: wake_prep disabled wake for \_SB_.PCI0.MC97 (S5)
pcib1: wake_prep disabled wake for \_SB_.PCI0.P0P4 (S5)
unknown: wake_prep disabled wake for \_SB_.PCI0.P0P5 (S5)
pcib2: wake_prep disabled wake for \_SB_.PCI0.P0P6 (S5)
unknown: wake_prep disabled wake for \_SB_.PCI0.P0P7 (S5)
unknown: wake_prep disabled wake for \_SB_.PCI0.P0P8 (S5)
unknown: wake_prep disabled wake for \_SB_.PCI0.P0P9 (S5)
uhci0: wake_prep disabled wake for \_SB_.PCI0.USB0 (S5)
uhci1: wake_prep disabled wake for \_SB_.PCI0.USB1 (S5)
uhci2: wake_prep disabled wake for \_SB_.PCI0.USB2 (S5)
uhci3: wake_prep disabled wake for \_SB_.PCI0.USB3 (S5)
ehci0: wake_prep disabled wake for \_SB_.PCI0.EUSB (S5)
The operating system has halted.
Please press any key to reboot.
I'm downloading a FreeBSD image now to mount the CF card in.
SANS Webinar: Kinetic Pwnage - Obliterating the Line Between Computers and the Physical World
This was a webcast given by Ed Skoudis in May, 2013. I just watched it today because it looks interesting and to apply as a CPE credit for my CISSP certification. This blog entry will be my notes and proof in case of audit.
I was audited on the last webcast that I watched, but was able to provide proof in the registration record at SANS and my notes here.
Ed's Central Thesis - we are entering the golden age of software hacking to achieve physical impact. Think SCADA, power grids, all of the embedded and attached devices, airplanes, trains, etc. Partially due to the fact that everything is becoming IP addressable. Use Shodan searches to find things connected to the internet. Also, there are web apps everywhere and everything is web enabled.
Air gaps won't work, because they disappear over time. See Stuxnet.
Physical safeguards are becoming increasingly automated or controlled by IP.
CyberCity was built to give people a place to train against cyber attacks on physical controls. It has military backing and simulates commercial, industrial, military, and residential areas.
I was audited on the last webcast that I watched, but was able to provide proof in the registration record at SANS and my notes here.
Notes
Hacking started in 1946, when the MIT Tech Model Railroad Club (TMRC) built a model railroad with control systems.Ed's Central Thesis - we are entering the golden age of software hacking to achieve physical impact. Think SCADA, power grids, all of the embedded and attached devices, airplanes, trains, etc. Partially due to the fact that everything is becoming IP addressable. Use Shodan searches to find things connected to the internet. Also, there are web apps everywhere and everything is web enabled.
Air gaps won't work, because they disappear over time. See Stuxnet.
Physical safeguards are becoming increasingly automated or controlled by IP.
Major areas of concern
Power grid, healthcare, and weapons systems (!).CyberCity was built to give people a place to train against cyber attacks on physical controls. It has military backing and simulates commercial, industrial, military, and residential areas.
Why hasn't there been a massive kinetic impact yet?
- Not an effective criminal business model (yet).
- Geo-politics - it isn't in anyone's best interest to cause mayhem (yet)
- Harder than anticipated
Conclusion
Industry has to up their game.
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